​Hanuman Maha Prab Racha Khum Phon Nuea Chanuan Ongk Kroo Gammagarn 2559 BE Wat Nong Grub

Hanuman of Luang Por Sakorn, Wat Nong Krab, "Maha Prab Khum Phon" Edition, B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D. This Pim is a special posthumous committee edition (run Gammagarn) contained Prai Kumarn powder, embedded sacred gems, monk's robes, hair, and silver takrut, a truly unique and powerful combination of materials.

Continuing the Legacy After the Passing of the Master to an Immeasurable Heritage of Sacred Objects

The Hanuman amulet, "Maha Prab Khum Phon" edition, created in B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D.) – a period after the passing of Phra Kru Manoonthamawat, or Luang Por Sakorn Manunyo of Wat Nong Krab, in B.E. 2556 (2013 A.D.) – is not merely a commemorative object. Rather, it is a profound and intense manifestation of "the vow to perpetuate the esoteric knowledge" initiated by his disciples and the temple. With a highly meritorious intention, every step of the ritual was meticulously performed according to the ancient traditions of the revered masters, Luang Pu Tim Isariko and Luang Por Sakorn Manunyo, to their very essence.

Hanuman of Luang Por Sakorn, Wat Nong Krab, "Maha Prab Khum Phon" Edition, B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D. This Pim is a special committee edition (run Gammagarn) contained Prai Kumarn powder, embedded sacred gems, monk's robes, and hair of the Great Monk, a truly unique and powerful combination of materials.

From the analytical perspective of a discerning amulet expert (Sian Phra) within the Chonburi lineage of these revered masters, the consideration of this amulet edition extends beyond basic information retrieval. It necessitates a deep penetration into the core value of "the inheritance of intention and sacred rituals," which forms the foundation of this amulet's Buddhist power (Phutthakhun). Furthermore, it expands to encompass the diverse heritage of sacred objects that Luang Por Sakorn created and passed down throughout his ascetic journey.

1. Primary Objective of Creation: Great Merit for Temple Construction and Legacy Preservation

The objective behind the creation of the Hanuman "Maha Prab Khum Phon" edition was rooted in utmost purity and nobility, with the following primary goals:

• To raise funds for the groundbreaking and construction of the "Luang Por Sakorn Manunyo Vihara" at Wat Nong Krab: The construction of this Vihara is not merely a building; it is a "memorial" in tangible form, commemorating the virtues and merits of Luang Por Sakorn. It serves as a place to enshrine his likeness for devotees to pay respects, which in Buddhism is categorized as "Vihara Than" (merit-making through temple construction), yielding immense blessings. It is believed that building permanent structures for the benefit of the Buddhist faith brings vast merits to those who participate and those who benefit.
• Perpetuating the Intent and Esoteric Knowledge (Phutthakhom): Beyond the physical objective, this creation also serves to continue Luang Por Sakorn's intention in creating and consecrating sacred objects. More importantly, it preserves the "lineage of knowledge" (Tamrap Wicha) of Luang Pu Tim Isariko, his revered teacher, which is the crucial element that ensures the continued sanctity and popularity of amulets from this lineage.

Wan Sabu Luead (Pink Powders) Gemstone Fragment

2. Rituals and Potency: Imbuing Buddhist Power Through Ancient Sciences

The heart of the distinctiveness and Buddhist power of this Hanuman edition lies in its grand and meticulous rituals, performed precisely according to the inherited traditions. These were divided into two significant phases, demonstrating the profound depth of the consecration science:

a. The Ancient Hanuman Immersion Ritual (Pithi Chup Tua Hanuman): Blending Herbal Potency with Natural Elements

This ritual took place on December 11, B.E. 2558 (2015 A.D.) at the Ubosot (ordination hall) of Wat Nong Krab, a sacred place with a continuous history of ceremonies. It involved immersing all the Hanuman amulets in sacred herbal water (Nam Waan Ya) for 7 days and 7 nights. This was not just a general ceremony but an "invocation of energy from nature and various elements" into the Hanuman amulets:

• Sacred Herbs (Waan Ya) and "Sleepless Leaves" (Baimai Mai Roo Non) – 7 types: The selection of these 7 types of herbs and "sleepless leaves," according to Luang Pu Tim Isariko's formula, was not accidental. It was a careful selection of botanicals with special esoteric properties. It is believed that these herbs possess inherent energy, capable of enhancing the "Buddhist virtues" (Phutthakhun) and "magical power" (Ritthidet) of the Hanuman, transforming them into "Kaya Sit" (sacred bodies) or objects with inherent life-like power, an ancient science passed down since ancient times.
• The Ritual Pot: The use of the same basin or pot that Luang Por Sakorn previously used in the famous "Maha Prab" Hanuman immersion ceremony in B.E. 2552 (2009 A.D.) carries significant meaning in terms of "continuing energy" and "transmitting sanctity" directly from the revered masters. It connects Luang Por Sakorn's spiritual power with the new amulets through the vessel he once used, confirming the continuous sanctity and intention of creation.

b. The Consecration Ceremony (Phutthaphisek) on Auspicious "5 Saturdays, 5 Tuesdays": Invoking Daily Power for Enhanced Potency

The ancient magical principle of consecrating sacred objects on "strong days," specifically "Saturdays" and "Tuesdays," is a deeply rooted belief in Thai esoteric sciences. It is believed that these days possess the highest "daily power" (Kamlang Wan), which imbues the sacred objects with supreme "magical power" (Ritthidet) and "Buddhist virtues" (Phutthakhun) in terms of invulnerability (Kongkraphan Chatri) and great authority (Maha Amnat). The consecration ceremony was therefore held in multiple, systematic phases:

• Sub-Consecration Ceremonies: Officially commenced on January 2, B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D.). Monks specializing in various esoteric lineages were invited to perform "solo meditation and consecration" (Nang Prok Athithan Jit Pluk Sek Diao) during each phase. This combined the spiritual power of multiple revered monks, further enhancing the Buddhist virtues.
• Grand Consecration Ceremony (Maha Phutthaphisek Somphot): The pinnacle of the rituals was the grand Maha Phutthaphisek Somphot ceremony, held for 3 days and 3 nights, from January 31 to February 2, B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D.). This brought together a large number of revered monks to collectively consecrate the amulets, representing a "convergence of Buddhist power" for the highest auspiciousness.

Hanuman of Luang Por Sakorn, Wat Nong Krab, "Maha Prab Khum Phon" Edition, B.E. 2559 (2016 A.D. This Pim is a special committee edition (run Gammagarn) contained Prai Kumarn powder, embedded sacred gems, monk's robes, hair, and silver takrut, a truly unique and powerful combination of materials.

3. List of Esteemed Monks: A Confluence of Contemporary Merit

The Phutthaphisek ceremony was graced by the presence of numerous national-level revered monks and direct disciples of Luang Por Sakorn, who participated in the consecration. This affirms the importance and pure intention behind this amulet edition. The names of these revered monks all represent profound knowledge and spiritual attainment:

Phase 1 (Jan 2, B.E. 2559):

• Phra Ajarn Kittisak Sukhito: Former secretary of Luang Por Sakorn, closely familiar with Luang Por's practice-s and knowledge.
• Phra Ajarn Phuchong Jirawatdhano: A disciple who studied with Luang Por Sakorn since the age of 12, indicating a direct, continuous, and long-standing inheritance of knowledge.

Phase 2 (Jan 5, B.E. 2559):

• Luang Por Rat, Wat Pa Wai: A revered monk with profound esoteric knowledge.
• Phra Ajarn Pho, Wat Mae Nam Khu: A revered monk widely recognized for his Buddhist virtues.
• Phra Ajarn Pun, Wat Mai Krathum Lom: Another expert revered monk.
• Phra Ajarn Kob, Wat Takian Tia: A revered monk with many disciples.

Phase 3 (Jan 9, B.E. 2559):

• Luang Pu An, Wat Tham Khosok (Rong Kho): A highly respected senior monk.

Phase 4 (Jan 12, B.E. 2559):

• Luang Pu Tee, Wat Don Khwang: A revered monk of the meditation and loving-kindness lineage.

Revered Monks in the Grand Consecration Ceremony (Jan 31 - Feb 2, B.E. 2559):

• Luang Por Sin, Wat Lahan Yai: A senior disciple of Luang Pu Tim, a true inheritor of the Wat Lahan Rai lineage. Considered a direct representative of the connection to Luang Pu Tim's esoteric knowledge.
• Luang Por Choei, Wat Lahan Rai: Another important revered monk of Wat Lahan Rai, preserving the legends and knowledge of Luang Pu Tim.
• Luang Por Nat, Wat Ao Yai: A revered monk respected in the local area.
• Luang Por Foo, Wat Bang Samak: A famous revered monk from the Eastern region.
• Phra Maha Surasak, Wat Pradu Royal Temple: A revered monk possessing great knowledge and esoteric skills.

The gathering of such- high-caliber revered monks demonstrates a "network of esoteric knowledge" that collectively imbued this amulet edition with full Buddhist virtues.

4. Materials and Production Quantity: Diversity in Buddhist Art and Sacred Substances

The Hanuman "Maha Prab Khum Phon" edition was created from a variety of materials, reflecting the meticulousness of its creation and the "science of material selection," which is a crucial aspect of traditional amulet making. Each material type features different sacred substances (Muansarn) and embedded powders, making them highly appealing to collectors:

• Crude Copper Alloy (Nuea Thong Daeng Thuean) mixed with Old Sacred Metal Remnants (Chanuan Gao): This is a primary material, valuable for its blend with "old sacred metal remnants," which are often metals consecrated by ancient masters. The base is filled with "Prai Kuman powder," a renowned sacred powder from Luang Pu Tim and Luang Por Sakorn, along with "consecrated gems" (Ploy Sek), "monk's robe" (Jeevara), and "monk's hair" (Kesah) of Luang Por Sakorn, all considered supreme sacred materials with high spiritual energy.
• Ancient Sacred Metal Remnants (Nuea Chanuan Boran) (with a peg at the base): Only 333 pieces were made, a small number that makes them highly sought after by collectors. They typically have a rich texture and retain the unique characteristics of ancient sacred metals.
• Bell Brass (Nuea Thong Rakhang): This material often yields a beautiful, shimmering golden hue. It is embedded with "consecrated gems," and the base is filled with "Phutthakhun powder" (general Buddhist sacred powder), "Prai Kuman powder," a-nd "Luang Por Sakorn's monk's robe." 3,333 pieces were made, a sufficient number for devotees to acquire.
• Copper (Nuea Thong Daeng): Each piece is marked with a serial number, which is important for verifying authenticity and the standard of the amulet.
• Nawaloha (Nine Sacred Metals): A small number were made. Nawaloha is an alloy of nine metals with unique properties, believed to possess inherent Buddhist virtues.
• Silver (Nuea Ngern): A small number were made for pre-orders and committee members, typically core supporters.
• Gold (Nuea Thong Kham): Made only by pre-order, this is the rarest and most valuable material. It often reflects the strong faith of the worshipper.

Hanuman Maha Prab Khum PhonHanuman Maha Prab Khum PhonWan Sabu Luead (Pink Powders) Gemstone Fragment

In-depth Material Analysis: The inclusion of "Prai Kuman powder" is a significant feature that makes Luang Por Sakorn's and Luang Pu Tim's amulets especially potent. Prai Kuman powder is not a general black magic powder; rather, it is a "Buddhist sacred powder" (Phong Phutthakhun) that has undergone intense and prolonged spiritual consecration, generating sacred energy capable of supporting the worshipper in all aspects. The presence of "consecrated gems," "monk's robe," and "monk's hair" of Luang Por Sakorn further enhances the Buddhist virtues and the "iconic" nature of the amulet in terms of the spiritual energy of the revered master.

5. Proven Buddhist Virtues (Phutthakhun): The Power of Hanuman's Esoteric Knowledge

With sacred materials, potent rituals, and consecration by top revered monks, this Hanu-man edition possesses comprehensive Buddhist virtues, reflecting the characteristics of Hanuman, the chief warrior of Rama and a symbol of power:

• Great Authority (Maha Amnat): Enhances charisma and instills respect, suitable for leaders, executives, or those who manage others.
• Invulnerability (Kongkraphan Chatri): Protects against weapons and dangers, a prominent virtue of combat-oriented amulets.
• Escaping Danger (Klaew Klaad Plod Phai): Ensures safe travel, freedom from accidents, and protection from unseen dangers.
• Loving-Kindness and Popularity (Metta Mahaniyom): Makes one beloved by others, facilitates successful negotiations and trade, and garners assistance from people.
• Bringing Victory: Achieves triumph over adversaries, resolves obstacles, much like Hanuman's prowess in battle and overcoming challenges.

6. Expanding on Other Amulet Dimensions of Luang Por Sakorn: A Legacy of Faith and Esoteric Knowledge

Beyond the renowned Hanuma-n amulets, Luang Por Sakorn also created and consecrated many other types of sacred objects. Each piece reflects his profound wisdom and esoteric knowledge, and they remain highly sought after by collectors and devotees:

a. Powder Amulets (Phra Phong): Diverse Perspectives on Buddhist Art and Virtues

Luang Por Sakorn's powder amulets have a unique character, often made from various sacred materials, especially the famous "Prai Kuman powder" that he inherited from Luang Pu Tim. Luang Por Sakorn's creation of powder amulets continues the tradition of making powder-based amulets in the style of Luang Pu Tim, which emphasizes the spiritual consecration of the materials to imbue them with inherent power before forming them into amulets:

• Prai Kuman Powder Amulets: These are the most popular types, such as the Phra Khun Paen Prai Kuman, which Luang Por Sakorn meticulously created according to Luang Pu Tim's formula, especially the early editions. They often have concentrated sacred materials and outstanding Buddhist virtues in terms of loving-kindness, charm, and fortune. Besides Phra Khun Paen, there are other molds like Phra Somdej Prai Kuman, which emphasizes protection, loving-kindness, and fortune, and Phra Pidta Prai Kuman, which emphasizes invulnerability, fortune, and loving-kindness, particularly the "Charoen Porn" edition and his very first Phra Pidta editions.
• Other Powder Amulet Molds: Luang Por Sakorn also created many other powder amulet molds, such as his own likeness or special commemorative editions for important occasions. Each edition often has unique materials and rituals.

b. Medallions (Rian): Metal Sculptures of Faith

Luang Por Sakorn's medallions are another highly popular type of sacred object due to their sharp details and their role in commemorating his virtues:

• Likeness Medallions: There are many editions, each with different Buddhist art and designs. For instance, the first edition is highly sought after as it was created early and fully consecrated. Medallions often possess Buddhist virtues in terms of protection, invulnerability, and loving-kindness.
• Charoen Porn Medallions: This is the name of a medallion edition created by Luang Por Sakorn, which is highly popular, similar to the Charoen Porn powder amulets. Its Buddhist virtues emphasize prosperity in life and career.
• Other Medallions: Such as "Nang Phan" (sitting on a tray) medallions, oval medallions, and commemorative medallions for various merit-making events. Each edition uses different materials like copper, Nawaloha, silver, and gold.

c. Takrut: Sacred Charms of Esoteric Spells

Luang Por Sakorn's Takrut are renowned for their Buddhist virtues in invulnerability and protection. He inscribed the sacred characters and Yant (mystical diagrams) by hand or entrusted disciples who had inherited the knowledge to do so, continuing the tradition of Takrut inscription from Luang Pu Tim:

• Takrut Tone: A single Takrut, emphasizing specific virtues like invulnerability and protection from weapons (Maha Ut).
• Takrut Khu Cheewit (Life Partner Takrut): A pair of Takrut strung together, believed to possess comprehensive virtues in both protection and loving-kindness.
• Takrut Sarika: Emphasizes loving-kindness and charm, suitable for those seeking to enhance their negotiation skills and attractiveness.

d. Sacred Cloth (Pha Yant): Buddhist Art of Esoteric Power

Luang Por Sakorn's Pha Yant were often drawn or stamped with various colored inks on white cloth, featuring sacred characters, Yant, and auspicious images such as Hanuman, Phra Pidta, or Buddha images:

• Hanuman Pha Yant: Emphasizes great authority, invulnerability, and victory.
• Phra Pidta Pha Yant: Emphasizes fortune, loving-kindness, and protection.
• Sarika Pha Yant: Emphasizes loving-kindness and charm.

e. Prai Oil and Sacred Balm (See Phueng Nam Man Prai): The Science of Loving-Kindness and Great Charm

Luang Por Sakorn's sacred balm and Prai oil are another supreme type of charm that he created and consecrated according to Luang Pu Tim's lineage, primarily emphasizing loving-kindness, great charm, and fortune:

• Maha Saneh Balm (See Phueng Maha Saneh): Often used for negotiations, approaching superiors, or enhancing personal charm.
• Prai Kuman Oil (Nam Man Prai Kuman): An oil mixed with Prai Kuman powder, intensely consecrated. Believed to possess high Buddhist virtues in attracting people, wealth, and powerfully enhancing charm.

f. Prai Kuman Powder Balls (Look Om Phong Prai Kuman): Small Sacred Objects with Immense Buddhist Virtues

Luang Por Sakorn's Prai Kuman powder balls are small sacred objects rich in the sacred Prai Kuman powder. They are highly popular due to their portability and the belief in their Buddhist virtues, similar to his Prai Kuman powder amulets:

• Buddhist Virtues: Prominent in loving-kindness, fortune, protection, and warding off danger.
• Characteristics: Often spherical or free-form, created by mixing Prai Kuman powder with other sacred materials and shaping them into balls, then consecrating them.

g. Various Phra Khun Paen in the Amulet Catalogue:

Luang Por Sakorn's Phra Khun Paen amulets hold significant importance in his amulet catalogue because he directly inherited the knowledge of creating Phra Khun Paen Prai Kuman from Luang Pu Tim. This ensures that his Phra Khun Paen possess no less Buddhist virtues than those of Luang Pu Tim:

• Various Phra Khun Paen Prai Kuman Editions: Luang Por Sakorn created many editions of Phra Khun Paen Prai Kuman, such as the first edition, second edition, Charoen Porn edition, and many others. Each edition has its unique characteristics and details.
• Sacred Materials: The crucial element is the "Prai Kuman powder" that Luang Por Sakorn preserved and used as the main material for his Phra Khun Paen.
• Buddhist Virtues: Emphasizes loving-kindness, great charm, fortune, and protection from danger. They are considered highly potent Phra Khun Paen amulets and are very popular today.

Analysis and Conclusion for Expert Collectors: A Heritage Not to Be Overlooked

From the perspective of a profound collector, or "Sian Phra of the Luang Pu Tim-Luang Por Sakorn lineage," all types of sacred objects mentioned above by Luang Por Sakorn, especially the Hanuman "Maha Prab Khum Phon" edition of B.E. 2559 – an edition created "after" Luang Por Sakorn's demise – are, in the context of esoteric knowledge and lineage inheritance, highly "collectible and promising" for the future. This is supported by the following in-depth reasons:

• Pure and Highly Meritorious Intention: The creation for the direct purpose of building a Vihara as an offering to the revered master reflects the "pure merit" that supported the creation and consecration. The energy of this good intention undeniably impacts the Buddhist virtues of the sacred objects.
• Rituals True to Tradition: Every step of the ritual was performed according to the Luang Pu Tim-Luang Por Sakorn tradition as perfectly as possible, whether it was the immersion of Hanuman in sacred herbal water, the use of the same pot, or the- consecration ceremony on the auspicious "5 Saturdays, 5 Tuesdays." All these actions "preserved the tradition" and "transmitted the esoteric knowledge" from the past to the present without interruption, which is the crucial element that maintains the sanctity of amulets from this lineage.
• Legendary Sacred Materials: The inclusion of "Prai Kuman powder" and other important materials collected by Luang Por Sakorn, including his monk's robe and hair, constitutes an "invocation of spiritual energy" and the "physical essence" of the revered master to reside within the sacred objects. This is a key factor contributing to the high Buddhist virtues of these amulets.
• Collective Spiritual Power of Leading Monks: The extensive consecration by direct disciples and highly esteemed contemporary revered monks is not merely a matter of numbers, but a "convergence of spiritual power" from virtuous and knowledgeable individuals, which generates "immense Buddhist virtues" that permeate the sacred objects.
• Perfect Inheritance: Even though Luang Por Sakorn has passed away, the creation of this edition demonstrates that his "knowledge and vow" continue to be inherited without interruption. This is something that expert collectors highly value, as they believe that "the knowledge never dies" and "the merits of the revered masters continue to protect" through transmission from disciple to disciple.

Therefore, Luang Por Sakorn's sacred objects, whether Hanuman, powder amulets, medallions, Takrut, Pa Yant, Prai oil and sacred balm, or Prai Kuman powder balls, including various Pra Khun Paen, are all "a heritage of Buddhist art and esoteric knowledge" worthy of study and possession. They are excellent items imbued with "Buddhist virtues" and "spiritual value" for those who truly believe in the merits of Luang Por Sakorn and the Wat Nong Krab lineage. Collecting these sacred objects is not merely collecting items; it is "continuing a legend of faith" that endures.

Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon Edition: A Sacred Amulet of Unparalleled Power

The Hanuman Maha Prum Phon amulet, created by the revered Luang Por Sakorn of Wat Nong Krab in the Buddhist year 2559 (2016 A.D.), is a masterpiece of Buddhist magic and spiritual craftsmanship. This edition is a direct descendant of the Maha Prab (great subduing) magic and Khum Phon (commanding forces) magic created by Luang Pu Tim of Wat Lahan Rai, a legendary monk who left an indelible mark on the world of Buddhist magic. Luang Por Sakorn, a direct disciple of Luang Pu Tim, skillfully integrated his mentor's magical art into the creation of this amulet, resulting in a truly unique and potent talisman.

A Legend Born from Myth and Virtue

According to ancient legend, Hanuman is a mythical animal imbued with the virtues of the Buddhist faith. This sacred creature is said to possess the power to enhance the charisma of the worshipper, allowing them to command respect and admiration from others. By linking Hanuman with Buddhist virtues, the amulet is believed to grant the wearer the ability to subdue enemies, protect themselves from danger, and inspire confidence and courage in the face of adversity.

The Consecration Ceremony: A Ritual of Great Importance

The consecration ceremony for the Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon edition was a complex and elaborate ritual, involving several crucial steps. Firstly, offerings were made to the sacred powder (chanuan muansarn) and to the metal and inscribed plates (chanuan loha lae phaen jar) from revered monks. This act of devotion was followed by the immersion of the amulets in sacred herbal water (nam maha wan) for 7 days and 7 nights, using the same pot as previous Hanuman editions. The ceremony took place within the Ratchawat Chat Thong (royal enclosure with banners) at the Ubosot (ordination hall) of Wat Nong Krab, a sacred space imbued with the energy of the monastery.

A Solo Consecration of Unprecedented Proportions

To ensure that the Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon possessed maximum power and might, Luang Por Sakorn performed a solo consecration by sitting on various weapons such as knives, spears, and guns. This act of bravery and devotion was a testament to the monk's unwavering commitment to the creation of this sacred amulet. The consecration ritual was performed over 5 Saturdays and 5 Tuesdays, a period of time carefully chosen to align with the celestial energies and to amplify the amulet's potency.

Materials and Substance: A Blend of Ancient and Modern Magic

The Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon amulet was created from a variety of materials, each imbued with its own unique energy and significance. These materials include:

• Old copper alloy (nuea thongdaeng thuean phasom chanuan gao) with sacred powder at the base, a blend of ancient and modern magic.
• Brass (nuea thong fa bat), a metal imbued with the power of protection and strength.
• Nawa Loha (nine auspicious metals), a combination of metals believed to possess sacred and mystical properties.
• Old sacred materials from Luang Por Sakorn, imbued with the energy of the monk's devotion and spiritual practice.
• The special committee edition (run Gammagarn) contained Prai Kumarn powder, embedded sacred gems, monk's robes, and hair, a truly unique and powerful combination of materials.

Only 555 pieces of the Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon edition were created, making this amulet a rare and highly sought-after collector's item. Its unique blend of magical arts and materials, combined with the energy of the consecration ceremony, makes it a truly exceptional talisman.

The Hanuman Maha Prab Khum Phon edition is considered a creation "to achieve success, to be a sacred inheritance amulet, following the path of ancient masters." This amulet is believed to possess the power to subdue enemies, protect from danger, and enhance the worshipper's charisma, making it a highly sought-after talisman among amulet collectors and those seeking spiritual guidance.

Kata Hanuman

Na Ma Pa Ta Hanumaana Waa To No A Ma Ma Wa

Kata Hua Jai Hanuman (heart Mantra)

Ha Nu Maa Na (3 times)